Influences of perfect fluid Dark Matter on coinciding validity of the Weak Gravity and Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjectures for Kerr-Newman Black
Influences of perfect fluid Dark Matter on coinciding validity of the Weak Gravity and Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjectures for Kerr-Newman Black Hole
ELSEVIER Article: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0550321324002232
Introduction
Quantum gravity is an interesting topic that has attracted the attention of many researchers from different perspectives. The swampland program is a research initiative to find the universal principles that any consistent theory of quantum gravity must adhere to. It is based on the idea that not all low-energy effective field theories can be compatible with a quantum theory of gravity, such as string theory. The swampland program tries to establish the criteria that distinguish the theories that can be part of the string landscape from those that belong to the swampland. The motivation for the swampland program comes from various sources, such as black hole physics, AdS/CFT correspondence, and string theory constructions. The swampland program aims to uncover the nature of quantum gravity and its implications for cosmology and particle physics. The AdS/CFT correspondence is a duality that relates a gravitational theory in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space to a conformal field theory (CFT) on its boundary. It is a powerful tool to study quantum gravity and its holographic nature. The swampland program is an attempt to find the universal constraints that any consistent theory of quantum gravity must satisfy. One of the sources of motivation for the swampland program is the AdS/CFT correspondence, as it provides concrete examples of quantum gravity theories and their low-energy limits. The AdS/CFT correspondence can also be used to test some of the swampland conjectures, such as the bound on the number of massless modes, the weak gravity conjecture, and the distance conjecture.
A key criterion in the swampland program is the absence of global symmetries in quantum gravity, while gauge symmetries are allowed. This iteration leads to the WGC, which states that there must exist particles whose charge-to-mass ratio is greater than one, i.e. in any quantum theory of gravity. In this way, gravity is the weakest force among all the interactions. The WGC is one of the several conjectures in the swampland program that help to identify effective field theories that are consistent with quantum gravity. Also for further study about the swampland program in various cosmological concepts such as the physics of black holes, thermodynamics, black brane, cosmological inflation, etc. Another important concept in theoretical physics is the WCCC, which was proposed by Penrose to avoid the paradoxes caused by the existence of singularities in general relativity. The WCCC asserts that the singularities formed by gravitational collapse are always hidden behind event horizons, thus preserving the causal structure and predictability of the theory. However, the WGC and the WCCC seem to be incompatible with each other in the case of the K-N black hole. When , where Q is the charge and M is the mass of the black hole, the K-N solution violates the WCCC, as the singularity becomes naked and visible to distant observers. On the other hand, when the black hole decays to the extremal state, where Q = M, the energy conservation implies that there are decay products whose charge-to-mass ratio is greater than one. In this case, the WGC is satisfied, but the WCCC is violated, as these products cannot be black holes, but rather particles. This is one of the main challenges for the WGC.
